The trend of brain drain is considered a problem because in this, the most highly skilled individuals leave the country. The country they leave suffers economic hardships.
Brain drain can be understood as the departure of educated or professional people from the country, economic sector or field for another, usually for better pay or living conditions. It is the process in which a country loses its most educated and skilled workers to other countries through migration.
The trend of brain drain is considered a problem because in this, the most highly skilled individuals leave the country. The country they leave suffers economic hardships. It is a loss of the technological and academic force of the country.
Causes of the Brain Drain
Causes can be understood under the two major factors namely- Push factors and Pull factors.
Push Factors: These factors are the negative characteristics of a home country that results in migration for intelligent people from lesser developed countries. Some factors are:
- Absence of research facilities
- Employment discrimination
- Economic underdevelopment
- Lack of freedom
- Poor working conditions
- Lack of job opportunities
- Discriminating cultures
- Political intolerance
Pull Factors: These factors are the positive characteristics of the developed country from which the migrants would like to benefit. Some factors are:
- Superior economic outlook
- Prestige of foreign training
- Stable political environment
- Modernised education system for superior training
- Intellectual freedom
- Rich culture
- Better economic opportunities
- More jobs
How Brain Drain ruins a country?
Brain Drain has both the positive and negative sides.The positive effects are :
- When people move from less developed countries to more developed ones. They expertise in new and effective skills.
- The migrants send money to their relatives living in the home country. This money can help stimulate the economy of their home country
The negative effects of the brain drain outweighs the positive ones. Some of the negative effects that are harmful for the country are:
- The shortage of skilled and competent people in India
- Loss of potential future entrepreneurs.
- Loss of innovative ideas and investment in education.
- The investment in higher education is lost as the highly educated people leave India and they become assets to other countries.
- Loss of critical health and education services.
- Lack of industrial growth .
What should the government do?
The government should ensure that the citizens are safe in the country. They should take some measures to stimulate economic activity, provide higher wages, better health and educational facilities.
